
ISSN Online: 2688-7231
ISBN Online: 978-1-56700-524-0
Proceedings of the 26thNational and 4th International ISHMT-ASTFE Heat and Mass Transfer Conference December 17-20, 2021, IIT Madras, Chennai-600036, Tamil Nadu, India
Predicting Interfacial Heat Transfer Coefficient in CO2-Mould Sand Casting of Steel Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Abstract
Casting of steel alloys with CO2 sand moulds is the most common yet very important manufacturing process. Various
kinds of valve bodies are cast for heavy and light duty fluid
applications. Many casting defects like shrinkage porosity,
cracks, etc. arises during solidification that ultimately lead to rejections. Cooling rate (CR) and so the interfacial heat
transfer coefficient (iHTC) becomes most important
parameters in order to control and monitor such defects. In
the present study, we compare the results of Machine
Learning (ML) algorithms to predict closely to experimental
data of the CO2 mould sand casting of ASTM A487 4C.
Various machine learning algorithms like Bayesian Ridge,
Support Vector Regressor, Random Forest and K-Nearest
Neighbor (KNN) is used with different sets of learning and
testing data. Experimentally, iHTC was found rapidly
decreasing initially but slowdowns rate during solidification.
Random forest and KNN regression model predicted better
results than other two but KNN found superior in prediction.
Further, KNN with 2-neighbors was seen giving better
predictions with minimum error rate than with any other
number of neighbors. It is seen that if enough and accurate
experimental data is collected, ML models give reliable
results replacing a need of costly casting simulation
softwares at certain level in defect prediction or optimizing
parameter.